- Các yếu tố của tội phạm:
- Mặt khách quan của tp : là những biểu hiện bên ngoài của tp, bao gồm hành vi nguy hiểm, hậu quả cho xh
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30 thg 9, 2009
Cấu thành tội phạm
- Mặt khách quan của tp : là những biểu hiện bên ngoài của tp, bao gồm hành vi nguy hiểm, hậu quả cho xh
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29 thg 9, 2009
Tội phạm
- khái niệm tội phạm
- Định nghĩa:
TP là hành vi gây hiểm cho XH được qui định trong BLHS, do người có năng lực TNHS thực hiện một cách cố ý hay vô ý, xâm phạm độc lập, chủ quyền, thống nhất, toàn vẹn lãnh thổ tổ quốc, xâm phạm chế độ chính trị, chế độ kinh tế, nền văn hóa, quốc phòng, an ninh trật tự, an toàn XH quyền lợi ích hợp pháp của tổ quốc, xâm phạn tính mạng sức khỏe danh dự, nhân phẩm tự do tài sản, các quyền lợi ích hợp pháp khác của công dân, xâm phạm những lĩnh vực khác của trật tự pháp luật XHCN.
Những căn cứ để đánh giá tính nguy hiểm cho XH :
- Tầm quan trọng của QHXH mà LHS bảo vệ.
- Mức độ thiệt hại về vật chất, tinh thần mà tội phạm gây ra.
- Phương thức thủ đoạn thực hiện tội phạm.
- Tính chất và mức độ lỗi.
- Động cơ mục đích phạm tội.
- Hoàn cảnh XHCT lúc và nơi hành vi tội xảy ra.
- Nhân thân người phạm tội.
- Những tình tiêt tăng nặng giảm nhẹ TNHS khác.
Khoản 4 Điều 8 "Những hành vi tuy có dấu hiệu của tội phạm nhưng tính chất nguy hiểm cho XH không đáng kể, thì không phải là tội phạm và được xử lý bằng các biện pháp khác."
Khoản 3 điều 8 BLHS :
- Tội phạm ít nghiêm trọng là TP gây nguy hại không lớn cho xh mà mức cao nhất của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là đến 3 năm tù.
- Tội phạm rất nghiêm trọng là tội phạm gây nguy hại lớn cho xh mà mức cao nhất của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là đến 7 năm tù.
- Tội phạm rất nghiêm trọng là TP gây nguy hại rất lớn cho xh mà mức cao nhất của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là đến 15 năm tù.
- Tội phạm đặc biệt nghiêm trọng là TP gây nguy hại đặc biệt lớn cho xh mà mức cao nhất của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là trên 15 năm tù, tù chung thân hoặc tử hình.
- Việc phân loạt tội phạm có ý nghĩa quan trọng trong xác định tội phạm, căn cứ theo điều 12, 22,23 BLHS.
- các dấu hiệu phạm tội :
- tính nguy hiểm cho XH:
Những căn cứ để đánh giá tính nguy hiểm cho XH :
- Tầm quan trọng của QHXH mà LHS bảo vệ.
- Mức độ thiệt hại về vật chất, tinh thần mà tội phạm gây ra.
- Phương thức thủ đoạn thực hiện tội phạm.
- Tính chất và mức độ lỗi.
- Động cơ mục đích phạm tội.
- Hoàn cảnh XHCT lúc và nơi hành vi tội xảy ra.
- Nhân thân người phạm tội.
- Những tình tiêt tăng nặng giảm nhẹ TNHS khác.
- Tính có lỗi của TP:
- tính trái PLHS:
Khoản 4 Điều 8 "Những hành vi tuy có dấu hiệu của tội phạm nhưng tính chất nguy hiểm cho XH không đáng kể, thì không phải là tội phạm và được xử lý bằng các biện pháp khác."
- Tính chịu hình phạt:
- Phân loại TP:
Khoản 3 điều 8 BLHS :
- Tội phạm ít nghiêm trọng là TP gây nguy hại không lớn cho xh mà mức cao nhất của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là đến 3 năm tù.
- Tội phạm rất nghiêm trọng là tội phạm gây nguy hại lớn cho xh mà mức cao nhất của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là đến 7 năm tù.
- Tội phạm rất nghiêm trọng là TP gây nguy hại rất lớn cho xh mà mức cao nhất của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là đến 15 năm tù.
- Tội phạm đặc biệt nghiêm trọng là TP gây nguy hại đặc biệt lớn cho xh mà mức cao nhất của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là trên 15 năm tù, tù chung thân hoặc tử hình.
- Việc phân loạt tội phạm có ý nghĩa quan trọng trong xác định tội phạm, căn cứ theo điều 12, 22,23 BLHS.
19 thg 9, 2009
would, used to, would rather, would like, could, may, might, should
would : một thói quen trong quá khứ
when David was young, he would swim once a day.
used to : tương tư would, không sử dụng use to
when I was young, i used to swim once a day.
subject + be/get + used to + verb + ing ...
John is used to swimming every day. (He is accustomed to swimming.)
I got used to swimming every day. (I became accustomed to swimming.)
The program director used to write his own letter. (past time habit)
The program director used to write his own letter. (past time habit)
George is used to eating at 7:00 o'clock P.M (is accustomed)
We got used to cooking our own food when we had live alone. (became accustomed)
Mary was used to driving to school (was accustomed)
The government used to restrict these pills. (past time habit)
The man is used to reading this newspaper in the morning. (is accustomed)
would rather : the same as prefer
i would rather drink juice than bottle drinking.
i prefer drinking vitamin to drinking normal water.
present : subject + would rather + verb in simple form.
past: subject + would rather + have + verb in participle.
Jim would rather go to class tomorrow than today.
Jim would rather gone to class yesterday than today.
present subjunctive : subject 1 + would rather that + subjec 2 + verb in simple form
I would rather that you call me tomorrow.
we would rather that he talks this train.
present contrary to fact: subject 1 + would rather that + subject 2 + verb in participle.
Henry would rather than his girlfriend worked in the same department as he does.
Jane would rather than it were winter now.
Past contrary to fact : subject 1 + would rather that + subject 2 + past perfect
Jim would rather than Jill had gone to class yesterday.
Exercise
1. We would rather stay at home tonight.
2. Mr.Jones would rather have stayed home last night.
3. The policeman would rather work on Saturday than on Sunday.
4. Maria would rather that we studied more than we do.
5. George would rather not study tonight.
6. The photographer would rather have more light.
7. Carmen would rather not cook for the entire family.
8. The photographer would rather than we stood closer together than we are standing.
9. She would rather that you had not arrived last night.
10. John would rather have slept than worked last night.
Would like : it can also mean want
Subject + would like + [to+verb]....
Would you like to dance with me?
I would like to visit Japan.
It might rain tomorrow = It will possibly rain tomorrow.
I do not know what i am doing tomorrow. I may go to the beach or I may stay at home.
I may not be able to go with you tonight.
Should: a recommendation, advice, or obigation
Henry should study tonight.
You should see a doctor about this problem.
subject + had better / should / ought / be supposed to + verb in simple form ....
John should study tonight.
Jho
I would rather that you call me tomorrow.
we would rather that he talks this train.
present contrary to fact: subject 1 + would rather that + subject 2 + verb in participle.
Henry would rather than his girlfriend worked in the same department as he does.
Jane would rather than it were winter now.
Past contrary to fact : subject 1 + would rather that + subject 2 + past perfect
Jim would rather than Jill had gone to class yesterday.
Exercise
1. We would rather stay at home tonight.
2. Mr.Jones would rather have stayed home last night.
3. The policeman would rather work on Saturday than on Sunday.
4. Maria would rather that we studied more than we do.
5. George would rather not study tonight.
6. The photographer would rather have more light.
7. Carmen would rather not cook for the entire family.
8. The photographer would rather than we stood closer together than we are standing.
9. She would rather that you had not arrived last night.
10. John would rather have slept than worked last night.
Would like : it can also mean want
Subject + would like + [to+verb]....
Would you like to dance with me?
I would like to visit Japan.
Could / May / Might : although could is used in conditionals, it can also be used to mean possibility
It might rain tomorrow = It will possibly rain tomorrow.
I do not know what i am doing tomorrow. I may go to the beach or I may stay at home.
I may not be able to go with you tonight.
Should: a recommendation, advice, or obigation
Henry should study tonight.
You should see a doctor about this problem.
subject + had better / should / ought / be supposed to + verb in simple form ....
John should study tonight.
Jho
18 thg 9, 2009
tuna provencale
1 Combine tuna and vinegar in a bowl, cover with clingfilm and marinate for 20 minutes.
2 Preheat oven to 180C/gas 4. Transfer tuna steaks to paper towel and dry well. Place tuna steaks in an ovenproof dish with bay leaves and lemon slices in between each slice. Scatter round onion wedges, cherry tomatoes and olives, season well, add tomato passata and wine and drizzle with olive oil. Cook for 30–40 minutes or until tuna is cooked and liquid has reduced to a thick sauce.
• 4 slices fresh tuna, cut into 5cm pieces
• 50ml red wine vinegar
• 4 fresh bay leaves
• 1 lemon, sliced
• 1 red onion, cut into wedges
• 10 cherry tomatoes
• 12 black olives
• 125ml tomato passata
• A generous splash of dry white wine
• 2 tbsp extra-virgin olive oil
From Jamie Oliver
jools’s favourite beef stew
The great thing about this stew is that it gets put together very quickly, and this is partly to do with the fact that no time is spent browning the meat. Even though this goes against all my training, I experimented with two batches of meat – I browned one and put the other straight into the pot. The latter turned out to be the sweeter and cleaner-tasting, so I’ve stopped browning the meat for most of my stews these days. Preheat the oven to 160ºC/300ºF/gas.
2. Put a little oil and your knob of butter into an appropriately sized pot or casserole pan. Add your onion and all the sage leaves and fry for 3 or 4 minutes. Toss the meat in a little seasoned flour, then add it to the pan with all the vegetables, the tomato purée, wine and stock, and gently stir together. Season generously with freshly ground black pepper and just a little salt. Bring to the boil, place a lid on top, then cook in the preheated oven until the meat is tender. Sometimes this takes 3 hours, sometimes 4 – it depends on what cut of meat you’re using and how fresh it is. The only way to test is to mash up a piece of meat and if it falls apart easily it’s ready. Once it’s cooked, you can turn the oven down to about 110°C/225°F/gas ¼ and just hold it there until you’re ready to eat. The best way to serve this is by ladling big spoonfuls into bowls, accompanied by a glass of French red wine and some really fresh, warmed bread. Mix the lemon zest, chopped rosemary and garlic together and sprinkle over the stew before eating. Just the smallest amount will make a world of difference – as soon as it hits the hot stew it will release an amazing fragrance.
• olive oil
• a knob of butter
• 1 onion, peeled and chopped
• a handful of fresh sage leaves
• 800g/1¾lb stewing steak or beef skirt, cut into 5cm/2 inch pieces
• sea salt and freshly ground black pepper
• flour, to dust
• 2 parsnips, peeled and quartered
• 4 carrots, peeled and halved
• ½ a butternut squash, halved, deseeded and roughly diced
• optional: a handful of Jerusalem artichokes, peeled and halved
• 500g/1lb 2oz small potatoes
• 2 tablespoons tomato purée
• ½ a bottle of red wine
• 285ml/½ pint beef or vegetable stock
• zest of 1 lemon, finely grated
• a handful of rosemary, leaves picked
• 1 clove of garlic, peeled and finely chopped
From Jamie Oliver
Beef and vegetable stir fry
Cook the egg noodles in boiling salted water until just tender. Drain, place in a bowl and set aside.
Heat a large wok or a heavy-based frying pan until very hot. Add a splash of vegetable oil then stir fry the beef slices with the sliced garlic, ginger and chillies until just cooked. Add the shoots or beansprouts, a good splash of soy sauce and sesame oil and the lime juice for the last 30 seconds of cooking.
Tip the contents of the wok into a large bowl, including all the lovely juices. Put the wok back on the heat, add a splash more vegetable oil and all the vegetables. Stir fry for 1 to 2 minutes, then add the cooked noodles and toss well over the heat.
Divide the fried vegetables and noodles between 4 plates. Return the beef and juices to the wok and stir fry until heated through. Add the coriander and toss until well mixed with the beef. Arrange on top of the noodles and garnish with a cos lettuce leaf.
From Jamie Oliver
Moroccan lamb stew
I made this dish up the other day on a kind of Moroccan vibe, when I was mucking about with ways of marinating and tenderizing a neck fillet of lamb, which is a really tasty and cheap cut of meat. I trimmed the meat of all sinews, bashed it flat using a rolling pin, and made 2 incisions down the length of each fillet, but not quite to the end, so it looked almost like a tripod. I then marinated it with lots of spices and herbs and plaited it, to give a contrast between crispy and soft meat which I thought would be interesting. You don’t have to plait the meat but it does increase the surface area, meaning the marinade can get right in there. Needless to say, Jools thought I was mucking around with it too much and being very camp — you decide!
Preheat the oven to 190°C/375°F/gas 5. Pound up your cumin, coriander and fennel seeds with the dried chillies, rosemary, ginger and a pinch of salt and pepper, stirring in a couple of tablespoons of olive oil. Smear half of this marinade over your lamb before you plait it. Rub and massage it in, then put the meat to one side while you mix the rest of the marinade in a bowl with the sweet potatoes, onions and garlic.
Brown your 4 marinaded pieces of meat on both sides in a pan with a little olive oil. Add the sweet potato mixture to the pan and remove the lamb to the empty bowl while you fry your veg for about 4 minutes until the onions are slightly soft. Add your tomatoes, give the pan a shake and place the meat on top. Add 3 wineglasses of water, the cinnamon stick, bay leaves and dried apricots, and braise in the preheated oven (I suggest you do this with the lid off to give it a little colour) for 1 hour 15 minutes. Now pour the boiling water over the couscous and allow it to be absorbed. Then fork the couscous through, season with salt, pepper, a lug of olive oil and a swig of wine vinegar, cover with tinfoil and place in the oven for 5 minutes to steam.
Roughly chop the fresh coriander and stir it through the stew just before serving. Divide between 4 plates with the couscous and spoon over a good dollop of natural yoghurt.
• 1/2 teaspoon cumin seeds
• 1 tablespoon coriander seeds
• 1 teaspoon fennel seeds
• 3-4 small dried chillies
• a small bunch of fresh rosemary, leaves picked and finely chopped
• 2 thumb-sized pieces of fresh ginger, peeled
• sea salt and freshly ground black pepper
• extra virgin olive oil
• 4 smallish neck fillets of lamb
• 4 sweet potatoes, peeled, cut into 2.5 cm/1 inch dice
• 2 red onions, peeled and roughly chopped
• 4 cloves of garlic, peeled and sliced
• 12 ripe plum tomatoes, each cut into 8 pieces
• 1 stick of cinnamon
• 2 bay leaves
• a handful of dried apricots
• 285ml (½ pint) boiling water
• 350g/12oz couscous
• a little wine vinegar
• 1 large bunch of fresh coriander
• 4 tablespoons natural yoghurt
from Jamie Oliver
Preheat the oven to 190°C/375°F/gas 5. Pound up your cumin, coriander and fennel seeds with the dried chillies, rosemary, ginger and a pinch of salt and pepper, stirring in a couple of tablespoons of olive oil. Smear half of this marinade over your lamb before you plait it. Rub and massage it in, then put the meat to one side while you mix the rest of the marinade in a bowl with the sweet potatoes, onions and garlic.
Brown your 4 marinaded pieces of meat on both sides in a pan with a little olive oil. Add the sweet potato mixture to the pan and remove the lamb to the empty bowl while you fry your veg for about 4 minutes until the onions are slightly soft. Add your tomatoes, give the pan a shake and place the meat on top. Add 3 wineglasses of water, the cinnamon stick, bay leaves and dried apricots, and braise in the preheated oven (I suggest you do this with the lid off to give it a little colour) for 1 hour 15 minutes. Now pour the boiling water over the couscous and allow it to be absorbed. Then fork the couscous through, season with salt, pepper, a lug of olive oil and a swig of wine vinegar, cover with tinfoil and place in the oven for 5 minutes to steam.
Roughly chop the fresh coriander and stir it through the stew just before serving. Divide between 4 plates with the couscous and spoon over a good dollop of natural yoghurt.
• 1/2 teaspoon cumin seeds
• 1 tablespoon coriander seeds
• 1 teaspoon fennel seeds
• 3-4 small dried chillies
• a small bunch of fresh rosemary, leaves picked and finely chopped
• 2 thumb-sized pieces of fresh ginger, peeled
• sea salt and freshly ground black pepper
• extra virgin olive oil
• 4 smallish neck fillets of lamb
• 4 sweet potatoes, peeled, cut into 2.5 cm/1 inch dice
• 2 red onions, peeled and roughly chopped
• 4 cloves of garlic, peeled and sliced
• 12 ripe plum tomatoes, each cut into 8 pieces
• 1 stick of cinnamon
• 2 bay leaves
• a handful of dried apricots
• 285ml (½ pint) boiling water
• 350g/12oz couscous
• a little wine vinegar
• 1 large bunch of fresh coriander
• 4 tablespoons natural yoghurt
from Jamie Oliver
Khái niệm, nhiệm vụ và các nguyên tắc cơ bản LHS
- LHS là nghành luật trong hệ thống pháp luật của nước CHXHCNVN bao gồm các hệ thống qui phạm do NN ban hành, xác định những hành vi nguy hiểm cho XH bị coi là phạm tội, đồng thời qui định hình phạt đối với tội phạm ấy.
- Đối tượng điểu chỉnh của LHS là quan hệ XH phát sinh giữa NN và người phạm tội khi người này thực hiện phạm tôi.
- Điều 1 BLHS : bảo vệ chế độ XHCN, quyền làm chủ của nhân dân, bảo vệ quyền bình đẳng giữa đồng bào các dân tộc, bảo vệ lợi ích NN, quyền, lợi ích hợp pháp của nhân dân, tổ chức bảo vệ trật tự XHCN, chống mọi hành vi phạm tôi, đồng thời giáo dục mọi người ý thức tuân theo pháp luật, đấu tranh phòng ngừa và chống tội phạm.
- Tội phạm là hành vi nguy hiểm cho XH, có lỗi, trái pháp luật HS và phải chịu hình phạt.
- Khoản 1 Điều 8 của BLHS : tội phạm là hành vi nguy hiểm cho XH được qui định trong BLHS, do người có năng lực trách nhiệm hình sự thực hiện một cách vô ý hay cố ý, xâm phạm độc lập, chủ quyền, thống nhất, toàn vẹn lãnh thổ Tổ Quốc, xâm phạm đến chế độ chính trị, chế độ kinh tế, nền văn hóa, quốc phòng, an ninh, trật tự, an toàn XH quyền lợi ích hợp pháp của tổ chức, xâm phạm tính mạng, sức khỏe, danh dự, nhân phẩm, tự do, tài sản, các quyền lợi ích hợp pháp khác của công dân, xâm phạm những lĩnh vực khác của trật tự XHCN.
- Khoản 4 Đều 8 BLHS : Những hành vi tuy có dấu hiệu tội phạm nhưng không đáng kể thì không là tội phạm.
- Khoản 2 Điều 8 BLHS : Căn cứ vào tính chất và mức độ nguy hiểm cho XH của hành vi được qui định trong Bộ luật này, tội phạm được phần thành tội phạm ít nghiêm trọng, tội phạm nghiêm trọng, tội phạm rất nghiêm trọng và tội phạm đặc biệt nghiêm trọng.
- Khoản 3 Điều 8 BLHS:
- Đối tượng điểu chỉnh của LHS là quan hệ XH phát sinh giữa NN và người phạm tội khi người này thực hiện phạm tôi.
- Điều 1 BLHS : bảo vệ chế độ XHCN, quyền làm chủ của nhân dân, bảo vệ quyền bình đẳng giữa đồng bào các dân tộc, bảo vệ lợi ích NN, quyền, lợi ích hợp pháp của nhân dân, tổ chức bảo vệ trật tự XHCN, chống mọi hành vi phạm tôi, đồng thời giáo dục mọi người ý thức tuân theo pháp luật, đấu tranh phòng ngừa và chống tội phạm.
- Tội phạm là hành vi nguy hiểm cho XH, có lỗi, trái pháp luật HS và phải chịu hình phạt.
- Khoản 1 Điều 8 của BLHS : tội phạm là hành vi nguy hiểm cho XH được qui định trong BLHS, do người có năng lực trách nhiệm hình sự thực hiện một cách vô ý hay cố ý, xâm phạm độc lập, chủ quyền, thống nhất, toàn vẹn lãnh thổ Tổ Quốc, xâm phạm đến chế độ chính trị, chế độ kinh tế, nền văn hóa, quốc phòng, an ninh, trật tự, an toàn XH quyền lợi ích hợp pháp của tổ chức, xâm phạm tính mạng, sức khỏe, danh dự, nhân phẩm, tự do, tài sản, các quyền lợi ích hợp pháp khác của công dân, xâm phạm những lĩnh vực khác của trật tự XHCN.
- Khoản 4 Đều 8 BLHS : Những hành vi tuy có dấu hiệu tội phạm nhưng không đáng kể thì không là tội phạm.
- Khoản 2 Điều 8 BLHS : Căn cứ vào tính chất và mức độ nguy hiểm cho XH của hành vi được qui định trong Bộ luật này, tội phạm được phần thành tội phạm ít nghiêm trọng, tội phạm nghiêm trọng, tội phạm rất nghiêm trọng và tội phạm đặc biệt nghiêm trọng.
- Khoản 3 Điều 8 BLHS:
- Tội phạm ít nghiêm trọng là tội phạm gây nguy hại không lớn cho XH mà mức cao nhất của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là đến 3 năm tù.
- Tội phạm nghiêm trọng là tội phạm gây nguy hại lớn cho XH mà mức cao nhất của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là đến 7 năm tù.
- Tội phạm rất nghiêm trọng là tội phạm gây nguy hại rất lớn cho XH mà mức cao nhất của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là đến 15 năm tù.
- Tội phạm đặc biệt nghiêm trọng là tội phạm gây nguy hại đặc biệt lớn cho XH mà mức cao của khung hình phạt đối với tội ấy là trên 15 năm tù, tù chung thân hoặc tử hình.
17 thg 9, 2009
Conditon sentence exercise
1. Henry talks to his dog as if it understood him.
2. If they had left the house earlier, they could not have been so late getting to the airport that they could not check their baggage.
3. If I finish the dress before Saturday, I will give it to my sis for her birthday.
4. If I had seen the movies, i would have told you about it last night.
5. Had Bob not interfered in his sister's marital problems, there would have been peace between them.
6. He would give you the money if he had it.
7. I wish they would stop making so much noisy so that i could concentrate.
8. She could call you immediately if she needed help.
9. Had they arrived at the sale early, they would have found a better selection.
10. We hope that you enjoyed the party last night.
11. If you have enough time, please paint the chair before you leave.
12. We could go for drive if today were Saturday.
13. If She win the prize, it will be because she writes very well.
14. Mike wished that the editors had permitted him to copy some of their material.
15. Joel wished that he could spend his vocation on the Gulf Coast next year.
16. I will accept if they invite me to the party.
17. If you mother buys that car for you, will you be happy?
18. If he had decided earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight.
19. Had we known your address, we would have written you letter.
20. If the roofer does not come soon, the train will leak inside.
21. Because Rose did so poorly on the exam, she wishes that she had studied last night.
22. My dog always walks me up if he hears strange noise.
23. If you see Mary today, please ask her to call me.
24. If he gets the raise, it will be because he does a good job.
25. The teacher will not accept our work if we turn it late.
26. Mrs. Wood always talks to her tenth-grade student as though they were adults.
27. If he had left already, he could have called us.
28. If they had known him, they would have talked to him.
29. He would understand it, if you explained it to him more slowly.
30. I could understand the French teacher if she spoke more slowly.
2. If they had left the house earlier, they could not have been so late getting to the airport that they could not check their baggage.
3. If I finish the dress before Saturday, I will give it to my sis for her birthday.
4. If I had seen the movies, i would have told you about it last night.
5. Had Bob not interfered in his sister's marital problems, there would have been peace between them.
6. He would give you the money if he had it.
7. I wish they would stop making so much noisy so that i could concentrate.
8. She could call you immediately if she needed help.
9. Had they arrived at the sale early, they would have found a better selection.
10. We hope that you enjoyed the party last night.
11. If you have enough time, please paint the chair before you leave.
12. We could go for drive if today were Saturday.
13. If She win the prize, it will be because she writes very well.
14. Mike wished that the editors had permitted him to copy some of their material.
15. Joel wished that he could spend his vocation on the Gulf Coast next year.
16. I will accept if they invite me to the party.
17. If you mother buys that car for you, will you be happy?
18. If he had decided earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight.
19. Had we known your address, we would have written you letter.
20. If the roofer does not come soon, the train will leak inside.
21. Because Rose did so poorly on the exam, she wishes that she had studied last night.
22. My dog always walks me up if he hears strange noise.
23. If you see Mary today, please ask her to call me.
24. If he gets the raise, it will be because he does a good job.
25. The teacher will not accept our work if we turn it late.
26. Mrs. Wood always talks to her tenth-grade student as though they were adults.
27. If he had left already, he could have called us.
28. If they had known him, they would have talked to him.
29. He would understand it, if you explained it to him more slowly.
30. I could understand the French teacher if she spoke more slowly.
Hope/ Wish
We hope that they will come (we do not know if they are coming).
We wish that they could come (they are not coming).
I hope that they could come (they are not come).
I wish that they had come yesterday (they did not come).
Note: wish tương tự unreal condition
Present unreal condition : If i were rich, i would be very happy.
Present wish: i wish i were rich.
Past unreal condition: If you had been here last night, we would have enjoyed it.
Past wish : W wish that you had been here last night.
Future wish: subject* + wish + (that) + subject* + could +verb / would + verb / were + Verb + ing ... Subject có thể giống hoặc khác nhau.
We wish that you could come to party tonight. (You can not come.)
I wish that you would stop saying that. (You probably won not stop.)
She wishes that she were coming with us.
Present wish: subject + wish + (that) + subject + simple past tense ...
I wish that i had enough time to finish my home work. (I do not have enough time.)
We wish that he were old enough to come in bar. (He is not old enough.)
They wish that they did not have to go to class today. (They have to go to class.)
Past wish: subject + wish + (that) + subject + past perfect / could have + verb in participle...
I wish that i had washed the clothes yesterday. (i did not wash the clothes.)
She wishes that he could have taken care of her more. (He could not take care.)
We wish that we had won champions last night (we could not win.)
We wish that they could come (they are not coming).
I hope that they could come (they are not come).
I wish that they had come yesterday (they did not come).
Note: wish tương tự unreal condition
Present unreal condition : If i were rich, i would be very happy.
Present wish: i wish i were rich.
Past unreal condition: If you had been here last night, we would have enjoyed it.
Past wish : W wish that you had been here last night.
Future wish: subject* + wish + (that) + subject* + could +verb / would + verb / were + Verb + ing ... Subject có thể giống hoặc khác nhau.
We wish that you could come to party tonight. (You can not come.)
I wish that you would stop saying that. (You probably won not stop.)
She wishes that she were coming with us.
Present wish: subject + wish + (that) + subject + simple past tense ...
I wish that i had enough time to finish my home work. (I do not have enough time.)
We wish that he were old enough to come in bar. (He is not old enough.)
They wish that they did not have to go to class today. (They have to go to class.)
Past wish: subject + wish + (that) + subject + past perfect / could have + verb in participle...
I wish that i had washed the clothes yesterday. (i did not wash the clothes.)
She wishes that he could have taken care of her more. (He could not take care.)
We wish that we had won champions last night (we could not win.)
Condition sentence
If i have time, i will go
If my headache disappears, we can play cheers.
If today were Saturday, we could go to the beach.
If we did not have to study, we could go out tonight.
If he were sick, i would stay at home.
If i had not been in a hurry, i would not have spilled the milk.
Real conditions (possible true)
Future time:
if + subject + simple present ... + will / can / may / must + verb in simple form
If i have the money, i will buy a new car.
We will have plenty of time to finish the project before dinner if it is only ten o'clock now.
Habitual:
if + subject + simple present tense... + simple present tense....
John usually walks to school if he has enough time.
Command:
if + subject + simple present tense ... + command form*
If you go to the post office, please mail this letter for me.
Please cal me if you hear from Jane.
Unreal conditions (not true)
Present or Future time
if + subject + simple past tense ... + could / would / might + verb in simple form.
If i had the time, i would go to the beach with you this weekend.
He would tell you about it, if he were here.
If he did not speak so quickly, you could understand him.
Past time:
if + subject + past perfect ... + would / could / might + have + verb in past participle
If we had that you were here, we would have written you a letter.
She would have sold the house, if she had found the right buyer.
If he had not our way, we would have arrived sooner.
Had + subject + verb in past participle
Had i known that it was rain, i would have taken a rain coat.
As if / as though
Cấu trúc này chỉ ra điều không thật or đối lập sự thật vì thế nó tương tự như cấu trúc câu điều kiện. Động từ theo cấu trúc này phải là past tense or past perfect. Nhớ rằng động từ tobe của thì quá khứ là were không bao giờ là was.
subject + verb (present) + as if / as though +subject + verb(past)....
The older lady dresses as if it were winter ever in the summer.
Angelique walks as though she studied modeling.
He acts as though he were rich.
subject + verb(past)+ as if / as though + subject + verb (past perfect)....
Betty talked about the contest as if she had won the grand prize.
Jeff looked as if he had seen a ghost.
He looked as though he had run ten miles.
If my headache disappears, we can play cheers.
If today were Saturday, we could go to the beach.
If we did not have to study, we could go out tonight.
If he were sick, i would stay at home.
If i had not been in a hurry, i would not have spilled the milk.
Real conditions (possible true)
Future time:
if + subject + simple present ... + will / can / may / must + verb in simple form
If i have the money, i will buy a new car.
We will have plenty of time to finish the project before dinner if it is only ten o'clock now.
Habitual:
if + subject + simple present tense... + simple present tense....
John usually walks to school if he has enough time.
Command:
if + subject + simple present tense ... + command form*
If you go to the post office, please mail this letter for me.
Please cal me if you hear from Jane.
Unreal conditions (not true)
Present or Future time
if + subject + simple past tense ... + could / would / might + verb in simple form.
If i had the time, i would go to the beach with you this weekend.
He would tell you about it, if he were here.
If he did not speak so quickly, you could understand him.
Past time:
if + subject + past perfect ... + would / could / might + have + verb in past participle
If we had that you were here, we would have written you a letter.
She would have sold the house, if she had found the right buyer.
If he had not our way, we would have arrived sooner.
Had + subject + verb in past participle
Had i known that it was rain, i would have taken a rain coat.
As if / as though
Cấu trúc này chỉ ra điều không thật or đối lập sự thật vì thế nó tương tự như cấu trúc câu điều kiện. Động từ theo cấu trúc này phải là past tense or past perfect. Nhớ rằng động từ tobe của thì quá khứ là were không bao giờ là was.
subject + verb (present) + as if / as though +subject + verb(past)....
The older lady dresses as if it were winter ever in the summer.
Angelique walks as though she studied modeling.
He acts as though he were rich.
subject + verb(past)+ as if / as though + subject + verb (past perfect)....
Betty talked about the contest as if she had won the grand prize.
Jeff looked as if he had seen a ghost.
He looked as though he had run ten miles.
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